Máy tạo hạt
A rotating inclined pan forms round pellets by rolling. Granulation rate up to 93%, capacity 0.1–50 t/h, the standard organic fertilizer granulator.
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Máy tạo hạt phân bón
Wet or dry granulation — the first decision
Every granulator answers the same question: how do you make loose powder hold together as a round pellet? There are only two mechanical answers. Wet granulation adds moisture and agitation until the particles bind and roll into spheres — this is disc, chảo, rotary drum and wet granulation. Dry granulation applies pressure until the particles cold-weld into a dense sheet that is broken into pellets — this is double roller extrusion.
Wet granulation suits organic fertilizer made from compost, because compost arrives with moisture and binds naturally; it always needs a dryer and cooler afterwards. Dry granulation suits chemical and NPK fertilizer, especially urea-based formulas that would be damaged by heat, and it needs no dryer at all. Choosing the wrong family is the most expensive mistake in fertilizer plant design, because it changes the entire downstream line.
Compare the granulator families
Rotary drum granulator
A rotating drum with internal stirring teeth agglomerates material with steam, water or slurry. Best for high-tonnage compound and organic lines.
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Double roller granulator
Dry extrusion at high pressure with no binder and no dryer. Ideal for NPK, urea and high-salt formulas; pellet rate above 85%.
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Wet granulation machine
The wet granulation family explained, including the four machine types and their advantages and disadvantages for organic fertilizer.
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Dry granulation machine
How dry granulation works, which materials suit it, and why it eliminates the drying section entirely.
Xem chi tiết →Cow manure fertilizer pellet machine
Purpose-configured granulation for cattle manure: thẳng đứng, horizontal and disc options with the matching dryer and screener.
Xem chi tiết →Granulator selection table
| Hạt | Method | Feed moisture | Dung tích | Granulation rate | Tốt nhất cho |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Đĩa (chảo) máy tạo hạt | Ướt, rotating pan | 25–35% | 0.1–50 tấn/giờ | lên tới 93% | Organic fertilizer, manure compost |
| Rotary drum granulator | Ướt, drum + steam/slurry | 25–35% | 5–50 tấn/giờ | 70–90% | Compound and NPK, high tonnage |
| Double roller granulator | Khô, high-pressure extrusion | <5% | 1–20 t/h | 85%+ | NPK, urê, ammonium salts, dry formulas |
| Wet granulation line | Ướt, combined | 25–35% | 1–30 tấn/giờ | 80–93% | Organic and organic-inorganic fertilizer |
| Dry granulation line | Khô, extrusion | <5% | 1–20 t/h | 85%+ | Heat-sensitive chemical fertilizer |
Getting granulation right: five control points
Particle size
Crush the feed below 3 mm. Coarse particles cannot be wetted evenly, so pellets form with rough surfaces and low strength.
Moisture
25–35% for wet granulation — squeeze a handful; it should hold its shape without dripping water. Below 20% pellets crumble, above 40% the drum or pan balls up.
Binder
1–3% starch, bentonite, humic acid or molasses. More binder makes harder pellets but dilutes the nutrient analysis.
Rotation speed and angle
In a disc granulator the angle and speed control pellet size; in a drum, the speed and the internal weir control retention time.
Recycling
Send oversize material to a crusher and fines back to the granulator. A closed recycling loop keeps the effective granulation rate above 90%.
Granulator FAQ
What is the granulation rate and why does it matter?
The granulation rate is the proportion of output that falls within the target pellet size on the first pass. A 93% rate means very little material has to be recycled, which lowers power consumption and increases effective plant capacity. Rate is governed by feed particle size, moisture, binder and machine settings.
Which granulator is best for organic fertilizer?
For organic fertilizer up to about 3 t/h the disc (chảo) granulator is the best choice: it handles 25–35% moisture, is easy to adjust and produces round pellets with a high granulation rate. Above 5 th, a rotary drum granulator is more economical per tonne.
Do granulators need a dryer?
Wet granulators do. Pellets leave a disc or drum granulator at 25–35% moisture and must be dried to 12–14% before storage. Dry granulation with a double roller press needs no dryer, which is one of its main economic advantages.
How do I choose the pellet size?
Most markets accept 2–5 mm. Pellet size is set by the disc angle and rotation speed, the drum speed and weir height, or the roller die pattern, and can be changed with the machine running on disc and drum granulators.
Equipment gallery
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Câu hỏi thường gặp
What is the difference between a granulator and a pellet mill?
A granulator builds pellets from moist powder by agglomeration or pressure, without forcing the material through a die — this suits fertilizer because it tolerates moisture and binders. A pellet mill extrudes material through a die under high pressure and is used mainly for dry biomass fuel pellets or feed.
Can one granulator handle both organic and compound fertilizer?
A rotary drum granulator can, because it works with agglomeration rather than a fixed die. A double roller granulator is limited to dry materials, and a disc granulator is at its best with moist organic compost. Many fertilizer plants keep two granulators and switch by product.
How much power does a granulator use?
A disc granulator from 0.75 kW to 18.5 kW covers the range from 0.1 ĐẾN 4 th, while large rotary drum granulators reach 75–160 kW at 20–50 t/h. Power is usually a small share of running cost compared with the dryer, which is the largest energy user in a wet granulation line.
Why are my pellets breaking during drying?
Three usual causes: too little binder, feed moisture too high so the pellet has a soft core, or a dryer inlet temperature above about 250 °C which flashes moisture out too quickly and cracks the pellet. Reducing the feed rate and drying more gently usually solves it.
Thiết bị và giải pháp liên quan
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Máy tạo hạt ướt làm phân hữu cơ: đĩa, chảo, so sánh máy trộn hạt quay và máy trộn ướt, với họ…
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Hoàn thiện dây chuyền sản xuất phân bón từ 1 ĐẾN 50 th: hữu cơ, hữu cơ sinh học, Hợp chất, Trộn NPK và số lượng lớn (BB) kế hoạch…
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